5/30/2023 0 Comments Cyanide antidote kit contains![]() ![]() Hydroxocobalamin is also used in other countries, including Sweden, Denmark, Spain, Japan, and Hong Kong. It has been in use in Europe since 1996 as the Cyanokit™. ![]() EMD Pharmaceutical Company has produced a lyophilized packaging of 2.5 g of hydroxocobalamin that can be readily reconstituted in a 100 mL sodium chloride solution. In France, a 4 g hydroxocobalamin solution in 80 mL of sodium thiosulfate has also been used ( Van Heijst and Meredith, 1990). An injectable solution of hydroxocobalamin (5 g in water) has been used in France and Germany. With the exchange of the hydroxy group of hydroxocobalamin (vitamin B 12a) for cyanide, nontoxic cyanocobalamin (vitamin B 12) is formed ( Hall and Rumack, 1987). Serious side effects like vomiting, urticaria, anaphylactoid shock, hypotension, and ventricular arrythmias have been reported in patients receiving Kelocyanor ( Van Heijst and Meredith, 1990). Intravenous administration of 300 mg of dicobalt edetate in glucose solution is the current treatment of choice in France and the United Kingdom. This drug is known to antagonize cyanide more quickly than the nitrites, but its clear superiority has not been established. Dicobalt Edetate (Kelocyanor)ĭicobalt edetate chelates cyanide as cobalticyanide. Various cobalt-containing compounds known to antagonize cyanide poisoning are discussed. The cobalt ion, which forms a stable metal complex with cyanide, is an effective therapeutic agent against cyanide poisoning ( Evans, 1964 Hillman et al., 1974 Linnell, 1987). Flora, in Handbook of Toxicology of Chemical Warfare Agents (Second Edition), 2015 Cobalt Compounds ![]()
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